Throughout India, Particularly in Gujarat (Than, Vankaner, Dhrol, Kot & Panchmahal region), in deciduous forests in areas upto 1,200 m elevation, also in open areas. It is propagated by seeds in forest areas. Flowering – Fruiting February to June.

A medium sized deciduous tree, very conspicuous when in flower, 12-15 m in height with gum containing grey exfoliating in irregular pieces, and somewhat crooked trunk; leaves 3 foliate, leaflets coriaceous, obtuse, glabrous above when old, finely silky and conspicuously reticulately veined beneath; flowers bright orange red, large, in rigid racemes; fruits pods, thickened at the sutures, containing a single seed.

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS :

Kinotannic acid and Gallic acid (50%) are found in bark and gum; fixed oil – 18%, minerals – 2%, palasomin – an active principle is found in seeds; crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, N – free extract, calcium and phosphorus are also found.

Bark – is acrid, bitter, astringent, thermogenic, emollient, aphrodisiac, appetizer, digestive, constipating, anthelmintic and tonic.

Leaves – are astringent, anti-inflammatory, anodyne and aphrodisiac.

Flowers – are astringent, sweet, cooling, constipating, aphrodisiac, haemostatic, diuretic, febrifuge, depurative and tonic.

Seeds – are purgative, ophthalmic, anhelmintic, rubefacient, depurative and tonic.

Gum – (Kamarkas) is known as Bengalkino or Buteakino is astringent, constipating, analgesic, haemostatic, aphrodisiac, depurative and tonic.